Plane



Aug. 6, 1929. w, POTTER 1,723,951

PLANE v Filed Jul 6, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

m w F4) b Z7 Z INVENTOR ATTORN Aug. 6, 1929. w. POTTER 1,723,951

PLANE Filed July 6 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mvaufok Wzzgm fizz latented Aug. 6, 1929.

WILLIAM POTTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PLANE.

Application filed July 6, 1527. Serial No. 203,705.

This invention relates to planes and particularly to d vices of this class of the dado type; and the object of the invention is to provide a plane of the class specified consisting of main and supplemental stock or body portions, the supplen'lcntal body portion being movable laterally with reference to the main body portion as well as vertically with reference thereto whereby the lower or hearing face of the supplemental body may be arranged in common alinement with or extended below the corresponding bearing face of the main body; a further object being to provide the bearing faces oi the main and supplemental body portions of the plane with spaced recesses forming a plurality of spaced bearing members, and the bearing members of one body portion being; adapted to interlock with the bearing, members of the other body portion to form in one use of the tool, a single bearing face of the same width throughout; a further objectbeing to provide a lever construction mounted in connection with the main body and cooperating with the supplemental body to control the vertical movement or adjustment of the supplemental body with reference to the main body, and further to provide a lock lever which cooperates with the first named levers to retain the supplemental body in predetermined positions of adjustment; at further object being to provide a beveled bearing face on the supplemental body or the separate members thereof which form the bearing face, whereby the plane ma be used for cutting beveled as well as circular grooves or recesses in a workpiece;

a still further object being to provide a vertical adjustable depth gage, the bearing face of which tapers forwardly and upwardly to a slight extent whereby the rear end thereof controls the depth of the cut, and said end is arranged adjacent the cutting edge of the tool; and with these and other objects in view, the invention consists in a plane oi the class and for the purpose speciiied which is simple in construction, eilicient in use, and which is constructed as hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each 01" the views, and in which:

a is a section on the line i 1 of 1 1g. 1.

F g 5 is a section on the line 55 of Fig. 6 is a partial section on the line 6-6 oit Fig. 3,

l ,5. 7 is a bottom, plan view of part of the plane Fist 8 1s a side view of the main stock of the plane, with all of the pars detached; and,

Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are sectioned, detail viewsof a workpiece, illustrating some of the dil'lerent types of work which can be produced by my improved tool.

My improved plane consists of a main stock or body 12 and a smaplemental stock or body 18. The lower or bearing taces of the main and supplen'iental stocks are in the form of narrow plates subdivided at spaced intervals to form a plurality of bearing members 1%, 13, arranged in such manner that the members 12" are adapted. to mesh with, and arranged intern'iediate the members 13 to form a continuous bearing face of the same thickness throughout as seen in Fig. 5 of the drawing. it is preferred that the bearin face of the supplemental stocl: 13 be beveled upwardly and outwardly as seen at 13", Fig. 6, in order to provide for beveled and circular cutting; of the tool as later described.

liipgidly attached to the supplemental stock 13 adjacent the opposite end portions thereof are guide andgage rods ll, which extend throu h elongated apertiju'es 15 in the main stock 12. These rods also pass through tu bular bearings 16 carried by the tree ends oil arms 17, said. arms being pivoted to the opposite end port-ions of the main stock as seen at 17. The upper faces of the rods 1%: are provided with scale marks or graduations 1 F to aid in the adjustment oi the supplemental stock 13. The upper faces of the tubular bearings 16 of the arms 17 are recessed at their outer ends as seen at 16 to a depth equal to the width of the bearing faces oi the stocks 12 and 13 in order to gage and the stool: 12.

facilitate the proper adjustment of the tool. The supplemental stock is held in different positions of adjustment with reference to the main stock by set screws 18 carried by collars 18 onthe bearings 16 and which engage the rods 14:. Pivoted to the a ms 17, inwardly of the pivots 17 thereof as shown at 17 are levers 19 and 20 which extend inwardly toward each other and are pivotally coupled together by a pivot pin or screw 21.

The lever 20 is provided with an extension handle or member 20 which extends beyond the pivot 21, and is provided with a finger piece 20" by meansof which both of sa d levers may be operated. The lever 20 1s also provided at opposite sides of the pivot I 'to support the levers 19 and 20 in predetermined position of adjustment. The lock 'lever 26 is pivoted to the stock 12 as seen at 26 and the pivoted end thereof engages a spring bar 27 to support the lever 26 normally in upright position to allow for a swinging movement into and outof engagement with the pin 24 at will. The forward movement of the lever 26 is limited by a pin 26- on the stock 12. Another lever 28 is pivotedto the stock 12 as seen at 28 and its free end is adapted to cooperate with the pin 24- toretain the levers 19 and 20 against upward movement in any desired position of adjustment. Said lever 28 operates as a stop lever in this respect and is held in different positions of adjustment 7 with relation to a pm 24 by a winged screw 29 in threaded engagement therewith and operating in an arc-shaped aperture 30 in The lever 28 is clamped to the stock by means'of said screw. The free end portionof the lever 28 also carries a pin '31 extending in the direction of the "stock 12, whicn isadapted to cooperate with the upper ed e of said stock as seen in Fig. 1 to gage the ad ustment of the levers 19 and 20 in beveled or circular cutting of the plane. In this adjustm nt, the lock lever 28 alone serves to control and limit the upward movement of the levers 19 and 20..

The levers 19 and 20 control the vertical adjustment of the supplemental stock 13 with reference to the main stock 12 but the lateral. ad ustment or separation of said .members is controlled by a winged adjuststock 13 and is in threaded engagement with a bearing 31 on the stock 12. The screw 32 is coupled with and carricd by the supplemental stock 13 by the collar construction 32 as seen in Fig. (5 of the drawing. In the adjustment of the supplemental stock toward and from the main stock. the double bearing 16 serves to support and guide the stock in its adjustment.

Mounted substantially at the central portion of the main stock 12 is a tool or cullcr 85, the cutting edge 35 of which is preferably arranged angularly with reference to the transverse plane of the tool to provide a better cutting edge. Said tool is held in position by the usual wedge or loci; lever 36 pivotally supported in the stock 12 as seen at 87. Forwardly of the tool 35. the stock is provided with a vertical adjustable spur 38 which is held in dillercnt positions of adjustment by the head 39 of a screw. said head being beveled to correspond with the bevel of the stock 12 as seen at 10 in order to discharge the shavings laterally through one side of the tool in the operation thereof. A cylindrical nut 41 is mounted on the screw 39 to retain the spur 38 in its several positions of adjustment. The lower end of the spur is provided with oppositely arranged spurs 38", the transverse dimensions of which correspond to the width of the tool 35 as well as bearing faces of the main and supplemental stocks 12 and 18.

Adjustably supported in a. bearing $2 on the main stock 12 a rod 43, the lower end of which carries an elongated shoe ale: which forms a depth gage controlling and regulating the depth of the cut in a workpiece. It is preferred that the bearing face of the gage def be tapered forwardly and upwardly in order that the rear end of said gage which is arranged adjacent the spur and cutter be lower than the front end thereof.

thus providing a free and easy action of the tool and reducing friction. A screw 45 retains the depth gage la; in diil'crcnt positions of adjustment by its engagement with a. clamp plate 46, which engages the rod 43. V I

The operation and use of my improved tool will be readily understood from the foregoing description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing and the following statement. Assuming that the main and supplemental stocks are in con men alinement with the members 12 3 in an interlocked relation as seen in Fig. 5 of the drawing and it is desired to lower the supplen'iental frame into the position shownin Fig. 3 of the drawing, the lever 28, if it should be in engagement with the pin 2% is moved forwardly out of engagement with said pin, and by pressing down upon the linger piece 20" the lever-s19 and are moved downwardly on their pivotal connection at 21. The arms 17 or the ends thereof carrying the cylindrical bearings 16 are also moved downwardly by the engagement of the lovers l9 and 20 therewith until the desired depression or downward"movement of the supplemental stock has: been obtained. The lever 26 could then be moved into position to engage the pin 24 and retain said supplemental stock in its lower position. This might be regarded the normal position oi the plane, as it is advisable to extend the supplemental stock below the surface of the main stock in order to guard and protect both the spur and the cutting edge of the tool. In order to cut a groove in a workpiece, and at a. predetermined edge from the workpiece, for exam plc the groove 47, Fig. 11 of the drawing, the supplemental stock 13 is adjusted to one side of the main stock to the required distance and the inner face of the supplemental stock is placed against the edge 48 of the workpiece in its downwardly extended position, and operates as a guide or straight edge to control and regulate the cutting of the groove 47. In the above described adjustment, the scale 1 1 on the rods 14 guides the operator as will be understood. In a like manner, in cuttinganother groove 49 as seenin Fig. 11, the distance between said groove and the groove 47 previously formed, or the edge 48 of the workpiece may be regulated, or in cutting a wide groove at 50 in said figure.

In the last event however, and when it is desirable to arrange the bearing faces of the main and supplemental stocks adjacent each other and gradually separate said bearing faces by the adjustment provided, and yet cut a groove of a common depth throughout its width as seen at 50, the lock lever 26 may be retained in its forward or inoperative position and out of engagement; with the pin 2%, and the stop lever 28 adjusted at a position which will limit the total vertical movement of the siu iplemental stock, but will leave said stock tree to move vertically with reference to the main stock in gradually moving the main stock downwardly in producing a second out. That is to say, assuming that the first cut of the groove 50 was of the width ofthe groove 4&9, the sup ilemental stock would then be placed in said groove when in an adjacent position to the main stock, and with said supplemental stock tree to move forwardly, groove twice the width of the groove 49 may be cut in the workpiece, and. this operation continued to cut a groove of indefinite width, and at all times the groove would be of the same depth.

In this connection, it will also be under stood that a groove halt again as wide as the groove l9 may be cut by merely a slight ollsetting or a halt offsetting of the bearing faces of the main and supplemental stocks, the only limit-ion oi: adjustmentbeino' the width of: the bearing ot the main stock. It will be understood that a groove cannot be cut in one operatirm greater than the width of the cutting tool employed, but by virtue of the adj ustability oi the tool, grooves of any width may be out.

It will also be understood that a step formation oi rooves as indicated in Fig. 9 of the drawing may be arranged on the edge of a workpiece or within a workpiece, and the respective depths of the relative grooves may vary as indicated at.5l in said figure. In addition to the variation in the depth of the grooves, the width of the grooves may also vary. That is say, they may he made wider or narrower in width may be desired as indicated in said figure. By virture of this possibility of workmanshi i, it will be understood that moldings of various kinds and classes in cross sectional form may be produced or reproduced for repair or other purposes.

If it be desired to provide beveled surfaces, the supplemental stock or body may be adjusted. to a position controlled by the pin 3i on the stop 28. In this position, the beveled lower faces 13 of the members 13 extend to a slight extent below the that bottom faces oi. the members 19f providing a substantially beveled face to the plane. The tool, however, projects into said beveled face, and by holding the plane in an angular position governed by the beveled face 13 such beveled cutting or grooving of a workpiece possible; or it desired, and by reason ol? the comparatively line out in this adjustment, an arc-shaped surtace such as seen at 52, Fig. 10 of the drawing may be produced in a workpiece. Tl'le arc is controlled only by the possible adjustment of the tool with regard to the slight extension of the beveled faces 13" of: the supplemental stock 13. In this cutting action, it is of course undeu stood, that one corner portion of the cutting edge 85 only is in operation.

It is preferred that the threads of the adjustment screw be of the sixteen threads to the inch type. By virtue of this arrangement, it will be seen that at each complete revolution of this screw, which may be governed by the Hat or winged head thereof, 'he supplemental stock 13 will be adjusted oi an inch toward or away from the main stock 12, depending upon the direction of rotation. Likewise, a halt revolution will provide of an inch movement, and a quarter of a revolution, of an inch movement, and as will be understood, two revolutions of the shaft will produce A, of an inch adjustment, etc. It is understood, however, that the scale 14" on the rods 14: will provide for the accurate adjustment of lit] . plane, which is represented by the width or depth of the recesses 16.

It will be understood that while I have shown certain details of construction for ing a main stock and a supplemental stock movable relatively to the main stock, means involving pivotally coupled levers for moving the supplemental stock vertically with respect to the main stock and one of said levers extending beyond the coupling pivot to form a handle member permitting the operation of said levers, and a lock lever movable to engage and disengage the handle member of said lever and adapted to retain the supplemental stock in predetermined position of adjustment.

2. A plane of the class described comprising a main stock and a supplemental stock movable relatively to the main st0ck,,means involving pivotally coupled levers for moving the supplemental stock vertically with respect to the main stock and one of said levers extending beyond the coupling pivot to form a handle member permitting the operation of said levers, a lock lever movable to engage and disengage the handle member of said lever and adapted to retain the supplemental stock in predetermined position of adjustment, and a stop lever cooperating with said first named levers to limit the movement thereof in one direction.

3. A plane of the class described comprising a main stock and a supplemental stock movable relatively to the main stock, means involving pivotally coupled levers for moving the supplemental stock vertically with respect to the main stock, said levers being pivotally supported by members movably 7 supported with reference to the main stock,

and rods on the supplemental stock adjustable transversely of said members and supported thereby, and said rods being moving the supplemental stock vertically with respect to the main stock, said levers being pivotally supported by members movably supported with reference to the main stock, rods on the supplemental stock adjustable transversely of said members and supported thereby, and said rods being movable with respect to the main stock, and means for retaining said levers and supplemental stock in different positions of adjustment.

5. A plane con'iprising a main stock, a supplemental stock having at its end portions guide rods extending at right angles to one side face thereof, said rods being passed freely through the main stock and movable vertically therein to permit vertical adjustment of the supplemental stock, means movably supported on the end portions of the main stock for coupling said rods therewith, and means involving a manually operated member in operative connection with said last named means for raising and lowering said supplemental stock and the rods thereof.

6. A plane comprising a main stock, a supplemental stock having at its end portions guide rods extending at right angles to one side face thereof, said rods being passed freely through the main stock and movable vertically therein to permit vertical adjustment of the supplemental stock, means movably supported on the end portions of the main stock for coupling said rods therewith, means involving a manually operated member in operative connection with said last named means for raising and lowering said supplemental. stock and the rods thereof, and means for limiting the movement of said last named means in one direction.

7. A plane comprising a main stock, a supplemental stock having at its end portions guide rods extending at right angles to one side face thereof, said rods being passed freely through the main stock and movable vertically therein to permit vertical adjustment of the supplemental stock, means movably supported on the end portions of the main stock for coupling said rods therewith, means involving a manually operated member in operative connection with said last named means for raising and lowering said supplemental stock and the rods thereof, and means for retaining said last named means in predetermined positions of adjustment.

8. A plane of the class described comprising an elongated main stock having a. comparatively narrow bearing face composed of spaced members, a supplemental stock mounted at one side of the main stock and having a bearing face of the same trans verse dimensions as the bearing face of the main stock and composed of separate members adapted to intermesh with the members of the main stock the lower bearing face of the supplemental stock being beveled, and means for adjusting the supplemental stock with reference to the main stock.

9. A plane of the class described comprising an elongated main stock having a comparatively narrow bearing face composed of spaced members a supplemental stock mounted at one side of the main stock and having a bearing face of the same transverse dimensions as the hearing face members adapted to intermesh with the members of the main stock, the lower hearing face of the supplemental stock being beveled, means for adjusting the supplemental stock with reference to the main stock, and means cooperating with said last named means for retaining the supplemental stock in predetermined positions of adjustment.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have sinned my name.

"WILLIAJNI P OTTER. 

